Cylindrical grinder is a kind of metal grinding machine tool that we are familiar with for processing mold base parts. So are we familiar with its working principle? First, we know that the cylindrical grinder is a machine tool that grinds the outer circle and outer surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the cylindrical grinder refers to the grinding machine for the outer surface and shoulder end face of the cylindrical and conical expansion. For base parts or metal parts with higher hardness, the effect of the grinder is more prominent. It is also a necessary equipment for high-precision grinding requirements of products. Fastener standards often use some high-hardness metals and other raw materials for processing and production, and grinders are also widely used in the fastener industry. So how does the cylindrical grinder work? What I share with you is the working principle of the cylindrical grinder.

Working principle of cylindrical grinder: The following is a detailed explanation from four aspects: grinding the outer circle, grinding the long conical surface, cutting into the outer conical surface, and grinding the inner conical hole.

1. Grinding the outer circle.

① Grinding wheel rotation, which is the main motion for grinding the outer circle;

② Workpiece rotation, which is the circular feed motion of the workpiece;

③ Workpiece longitudinal reciprocating motion, which is the longitudinal feed motion required to grind the full length of the workpiece;

④ Grinding wheel lateral feed motion, which is an intermittent cutting motion.

 

2. Grinding long conical surface, the required motion is the same as grinding the outer circle, the difference is that the workbench is adjusted to a certain angle position. At this time, the reverse center line of the workpiece is not parallel to the longitudinal feed direction of the workbench, so the surface ground is a conical surface.

 

3. Cut-in method grinding outer conical surface, adjust the grinding wheel to a certain angle position, the workpiece does not reciprocate, and the grinding wheel performs continuous lateral cutting feed motion. This method is only suitable for grinding short conical surfaces.

 

4. Grinding inner conical hole, clamp the workpiece on the chuck and adjust it to a certain angle position. At this time, the grinding wheel for grinding the outer circle does not rotate, while the inner circle grinding wheel for grinding the inner hole rotates at high speed. Other movements are similar to those when grinding the outer circle.

 

From the analysis of the above four typical surface processing, it can be seen that the machine tool should have the following movements.

(1) Main movement:

① Rotational movement of the grinding wheel for grinding the outer circle; ② Rotational movement of the grinding wheel for grinding the inner hole; The main movement is driven by two motors separately and is equipped with an interlocking device.

(2) Feeding movement: ① Rotational movement of the workpiece; ② Longitudinal reciprocating movement of the workpiece; ③ Transverse feeding movement of the grinding wheel; When reciprocating longitudinal grinding, the transverse feeding movement is periodic intermittent feeding; when cutting-in grinding, it is continuous feeding movement.

Auxiliary movement: includes rapid advance and retreat of the grinding wheel frame, manual movement of the worktable, and retraction or hydraulic movement of the tailstock sleeve.

The workpieces ground by cylindrical grinders are widely used in precision manufacturing industries such as automobiles, motorcycles, molds, knives, hardware, fax copiers, bearings, sewing machines, textile machinery, small electromechanical shafts, and optical communication industries.